Camera Basics – Selecting A Camera

Now that you have decided to buy a camera, let us look at some key features of different types of cameras. This article will help you in selecting a camera, your first best camera!!

Unless we are talking about collectibles and museum-worthy cameras, there are five common types of photography cameras that are generally available:

Point and Shoot Cameras – Most point and shoot cameras have a small Sensor size – usually 1/2.5″, 1/1.8″, 2/3″. Most of these cameras are Inexpensive. There are some ultra/super/extreme zoom cameras that are as expensive as entry-level DSLRs and have the same shape and feel too. For Example: Nikon P1000 is a bridge camera with 125X Optical zoom, it looks and feels like a DSLR and takes great photos like any good Point & Shoot Camera. The biggest advantage is its monstrous 125x optical zoom, I bet you can see aliens smoking joint on the moon with this camera. Some other Long Zoom Point and Shoot (Small Sensor) cameras are Kodak AZ901 with 90X optical zoom, Minolta ProShot with 67X optical zoom, etc. If you look at all super zoom above 40X optical zoom there are approx 20 different models available. These cameras are great bridge cameras. My suggestion would be to buy one of these ONLY IF you really need a long zoom lens and you won’t be pixel peeping to compare the quality of photographs taken with these cameras against DSLR photographs. By the way, the 1000 mm telephoto lens alone, for a DSLR, would cost you upwards of $15000+.

Selecting a camera, Point and Shoot Extreme zoom Nikon P1000NIKON P1000 – 125X ZOOM

Selecting a camera, Point and Shoot Extreme zoom Kodak AZ901KODAK AZ901 – 90X ZOOM

Selecting a camera, Point and Shoot Extreme zoom Minolta ProshotMINOLTA PROSHOT

There are several point-and-shoot cameras with a 1″ sensor and most of those cameras are a little more expensive than other point and shoot but worth it if you are not a professional photographer but still crave beautiful pictures. With the sensor area 4 times of Point and Shoot small sensor cameras, these cameras let that much more light and that improves the video quality. These are available in Sony, Canon, Panasonic, Leica.

1″ sensor Point and Shoot cameras also come in both sizes – Small pocket size and large DSLR size.

1" sensor - Sony RX100SONY RX100 VII

1" sensor - Lumix LX10LUMIX LX10

1" sensor - Canon G5XCANON G5X MII

Micro Four Thirds (MFT) Sensor Cameras – 4/3″ is almost 2 times in area than a 1-inch sensor camera. Most MFTs cameras are interchangeable lens cameras and allow more light to the sensor than cameras with smaller sensors, resulting in much better photographs. Not all manufacturers make cameras with 4/3″ size sensor, at present only Panasonic and Olympus have Micro 4/3 ” sensor cameras. If I were buying a Camera for better photos (and not planning to get into the Photography profession), I would end my search here and happily buy an MFT camera.

Micro Four Thirds Sensor Camera - Panasonic GH5SPANASONIC GH5S

Micro Four Thirds Sensor Camera - Lumix LX100 IIPANASONIC LX100 II

Micro Four Thirds Sensor Camera - Olympus OM-D E-M10OLYMPUS OM-D E-M10 MARK-IIIs

APS-C Sensor Cameras (DSLR / Mirrorless / Point and Shoot) – Great beginner enthusiast cameras to learn professional photography. The sensor size in these cameras is usually 23.6*15.6mm. Canon APS-C sensor size is 22.2*14.8mm. In the Case of DSLR / Mirrorless, lenses are usually cheaper than other types of DSLRs. You can change the lens as per your photography needs. Fortunately, there are a few Point and Shoot Cameras (forgive me fellow professionals for calling these marvelous cameras Point and Shoot BUT they fit the bill!!), with a fixed lens and APS-C sensor. The size is small and you can keep them in your pocket. Most of these Point and Shoot cameras have a single focal length (except 1 Canon camera), if the Camera manufacturers add zoom (or a focal range), the sheer size of the lenses required for these cameras would prevent them from being called Pocket Cameras.

APS-C Point-and-shoot Camera - Canon G1XCANON G1X

APS-C Point-and-shoot Camera - Fujifilm X100VFUJI X100V

APS-C Point-and-shoot Camera - Ricoh GR3RICOH GR3

APS-C Mirrorless Camera - Sony Alpha A6400SONY ALPHA A6400

APS-C DSLR Camera - Nikon D7500NIKON D7500

APS-C DSLR Camera - Canon EOS 90DCANON EOS 90D

DSLR / Mirrorless – Full Frame – These are the second-best type of cameras available in the market. Full Frame sensor size is 36*24 mm. Full Frame cameras are expensive and good Lenses are VERY expensive but the photo quality is second only to Medium Format. These cameras are used by Enthusiasts and Professionals.

Full Frame DSLR Camera - Canon EOS 5D Mark IVCANON EOS 5D MARK IV

Full Frame Mirrorless Camera - Sony A7S IIISONY ALPHA A7S III

Full Frame DSLR Camera - Nikon D850 NIKON D850

DSLR/ Mirrorless – Medium Format – Manufactured by very few companies. These sensors are larger than Full Frame. The sensor size is close to 53*40.2mm. Excellent to use for real Modelling Photoshoots (or pretty much any other type of photoshoot but the ROI won’t be any better than a Full Frame). Both Camera & Lenses are SUPER expensive BUT delight to use. Few makers of Medium Format cameras are Fujifilm, Pentax & Hasselblad.

Medium Format DSLR - Hasselblad H6D-50CHASSELBLAD H6D-50C

Medium Format Mirrorless - Fujifilm GFX100FUJIFILM GFX 100

Medium Format DSLR - Pentax 645ZPENTAX 645Z

Now that you are familiar with camera types, you must be a little curious to learn about sensors. In my next article (click here), we will talk about sensors and how sensor size affects your photography.

Disclaimer: I don’t know if aliens exist. If they do exist, I don’t know if they smoke joint. If they do exist and smoke joint, I don’t know if they do it on the moon. If they do exist and they smoke joint on the moon and if you are able to click them in action, you would be the luckiest son of a gun alive, until those aliens you photographed arrive on Earth and decide that the human-kind are unnecessary!!

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